Notes

Note 1: T Wise in Osprey #109 says mentioned in 2680BC

Note 2: The earliest Elamite dynasty was founded by "Peli" about 2,500 B.C. in Awan (Scheil, "Dynasties Elamites,"). But the earliest reference to Elamite Anshan is in a text of Manishtusu, a son of Sargon the Great (r. 2,334-2,279 B.C.). Manishtusu tells of defeating Anshan after a local ruler revolted from the empire created by Sargon (Barton, Royal Inscriptions, pp. 128-30), suggesting that Anshan was among Sargon's conquests, Iranica.com

Note 3: A Semitic translation of "highlands" T Wise

Note 4: Susa doesn't appear to have been important during the rise of the Elamites, but excavations at Susa show that it became so with the rise of Epart and his successors in Elam. Inscriptions at Susa attest to the building activities by various regents of Susa. Specifically, excavations by Ghirshman in the "Ville Royale" at Susa have shown that much of the ancient city was built in the early 2000 B.C. ("Susa Campagne," pp. 4-12). Evidence suggests the main political center of Elam was moved from Anshan to Susa around that time, Iranica.com

Note 5: The Elamites became a major player with their capital at Susa, in the late 13th century per T Wise

Note 6: Per T Wise

Note 7: Per T Wise

Note 8: similar to the modern Lurs mountain people per T Wise

Note 9: AANE, Stillman and Talis, p 47 call this the plains and the mountains, but a better translation is Anshan as the country and Shushan as the environs of Susa, per Iranica.com Note 10: Sukkal Makh, note: this was more of a Sumerian title, per Iranica.com.

Note 11: Iranica.com)

Note 12: Prior to that, T Wise mentions a frontier Elamite legion recruited by the Sumerians around 2100 BC There are several versions of the King List, none of which go back to primary sources any more

Note 13: Same arena, but different players

Note 14 Stillman & Tallis

Note 15: Probably like the generic figure G3 in Ancient Armies of the Middle East, by T Wise with Angus McBride plates

Note 16: see item

Note 17: Stillman and Tallis

Note 18: From T Wise; also, a word of caution on ALL early reports of numbers, where those 80,000 Elamites may have been exaggerated by a factor of 10 or so. Most modern estimates cut that down to 8,000 men, which is still a pretty impressive number

Note 19: T Wise; there is also the unresolved question if these multiple bow vehicles were really used more as a taxi service. There are references to the archers making a get-away with many archers hanging on to these carts.

Note 20: Hansman, Elamites, Achaemenians, and Reiner, The Location of Anshan, Iranica.com

Note 21: There have been some suggestions that the Elamite helmets had horns, like the Sherden of Egypt)

Note 22: As an example using Armati, I chose a similar list with the Sea Peoples and portrayed the Elamites as the Warbands in the core, with the Allied Foot (Chaldeans replacing the Philistines) in the Bonus units. Replace all Skirmish Jav with Skirmish Bow, and we are ready to play. There are a whole slew of Armati wargame lists here: and even if you use a different rule set, sometimes access to a list like this (with the supporting comments) can add a lot to how we play the game.

Other Resources for the Wargamer:

Armies of the Ancient Near East, Stillman and Tallis, a WRG publication

Armies and Enemies of Ancient Egypt and Assyria, Alan Buttery, a WRG publication

Ancient Armies of the Middle East, Terence Wise, Osprey

Holy Hack Hacking By the Book {ed.}